I spose I should have said the new filter might be partially blocked.
The noise didn't sound loud to me, but my hearing isn't the best. This thread reminds me of something I almost forgot, when I first started riding a brick I thought, there's something wrong, why is the fuel pump so loud? Before the brick, I rode a big, thumping, loud, low revving, cruiser, with drilled out mufflers, it was heaven. On a brick the pump isn't louder, the engine is quieter, with its massive lump of a muffler.
That it seems to be starving of fuel is a problem though.
If you want to try a different pump, just about any might do as a temporary test. One of mine had a Falcon pump because the previous owner drove a Falcon, smaller diameter, didn't fit the holder, just bounced around on the bottom of the tank, he took it interstate and all around the place.